Tricholoma kakishimeji
investiganda-ustalica
f. cul.
Tricholoma kakishimeji investiganda-ustalica
investiganda: Owed an investigation. The species is on the Needs Investigation table because a question stands on its published record that the Key cannot read a verdict from: a poisoning reported and no molecule found, a molecule found and no sourced route, a mark in a source list, a molecule known from this one species and not yet confirmed. The name is the stem of its recorded molecule, where the record names one and decides it, then investiganda, and nothing after it while the row is open. Where the record names no molecule the name is investiganda alone, and the gap is deliberate. The Key reads molecules: it puts a molecule in a name only when a record has placed that molecule in the mushroom. A poisoning report is not such a record; it says that harm occurred, not what caused it. The molecule may well exist, and the word states that it is to be found, not a guess at what it will be. The species is not innocuus, because innocuus means that the published record carries no link to a toxic molecule, and this species is on the table because the question of such a link is open; it would be innocuus only once the question is closed in that direction. The species leaves the table, and the word, by a ruling: its molecule registered and read, or its record found to carry no molecule after all. Latin, the gerundive of investigare: to be investigated.
On Needs Investigation, The Complete Table.
GBIF: photographs, names and where it has been found.
Needs Investigation. Why it is here: Ustalic acid (M61) is measured in this species (Ito et al. 2021; Aoki et al. 2021), but that it is water-soluble rests only on the Japanese health ministry's risk profile for カキシメジ, which cites no source for it. No measured solubility, pKa or leaching test was found, so its kitchen route is not known. (a published record). What would settle it: Read: (1) Sano Y, Sayama K, Arimoto Y, Inakuma T, Kobayashi K, Koshino H, Kawagishi H 2002, 'Ustalic acid as a toxin and related compounds from the mushroom Tricholoma ustale', Chem Commun (13): 1384-1385, doi:10.1039/b202607d -- the isolation; how it was extracted. (2) Yoshioka et al. 2020, 'Quantitative analysis of the Tricholoma ustale-derived toxin, ustalic acid, in mushroom and food samples by LC-MS/MS', Forensic Sci Int 317: 110554, doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110554 -- whether the soup in the poisoning case held it. (3) Hayakawa I, Watanabe H, Kigoshi H 2008, 'Synthesis of ustalic acid, an inhibitor of Na+,K+-ATPase', Tetrahedron 64: 5873-5877, doi:10.1016/j.tet.2008.04.051 -- the pure compound. (4) Nagasawa E (長沢栄史) 2009, 日本の毒きのこ (Gakken), the ministry's reference. (5) The Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health's report of poisonings from salt-cured カキシメジ -- the cases. With a source for solubility the fickeana determination returns; William Rubel evaluates.
Cite this pageRubel, William. 2026. “Tricholoma kakishimeji.” Taxonomy of Toxins. Last modified 24 October 2026. https://taxonomyoftoxins.com/species/tricholoma-kakishimeji/